feat(job): new job deploy_s3_terraform

# Changelog

All notable changes to this job will be documented in this file.

## [0.1.0] - 2022-06-10

* Initial version

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## Objective

Deploy a static website on a S3 bucket provided by a Terraform state. It is a fusion of [gitlab-terraform_apply](https://r2devops.io/_/r2devops-bot/gitlab-terraform_apply) and  [aws_s3_sync](https://r2devops.io/_/r2devops-bot/aws_s3_sync).

## How to use it

1. Make sure that you have your terraform files in your repository and update the `TF_ROOT` variable to point to the folder containing your terraform files.

1. Set your Terraform secret variables in the `Gitlab CI/CD` variables section of your project (see the [Terraform documentation](https://www.terraform.io/docs/configuration/variables.html){:target="_blank"} about variables) .

    !!! info "Terraform HTTP Backend"

    By default, this job will run using the `http` backend, so you have to follow the [instructions](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/user/infrastructure/iac/terraform_state.html#initialize-a-terraform-state-as-a-backend-by-using-gitlab-cicd){:target="_blank"} to configure it in advance.

1. Set your AWS credentials variables in the `Gitlab CI/CD` variables section of your project (see the [S3 documentation](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/userguide/cli-configure-quickstart.html){:target="_blank"} about credentials) .

    ??? summary "Need a custom Endpoint ⚓ ?"

      Just type your custom url in the variable `AWS_ENDPOINT`.  

      For example, you can find the custom endpoint url for Scaleway [here](https://www.scaleway.com/en/docs/storage/object/api-cli/object-storage-aws-cli/){:target="_blank"}.

    ??? info "Set up a bucket policy 👮"

      Depending on your Cloud provider, you might need to set up a bucket policy. You can specify it via the variable `AWS_BUCKET_POLICY_FILE`. For example, you can find some documentation for bucket policy for Amazon S3 [here](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/access-policy-language-overview.html){:target="_blank"}.

1. Make sure to fulfill all mandatory variables. See the **Variables** section 👇

1. Copy the job URL located in the `Install` part of the right panel and add it inside the `include` list of your `.gitlab-ci.yml` file (see the [quick setup](/use-the-hub/#quick-setup)). You can specify [a fixed version](#changelog) instead of `latest`.

1. If you need to customize the job (stage, variables, ...) 👉 check the [jobs

   customization](/use-the-hub/#jobs-customization)

1. Well done, your job is ready to work ! 😀

## Job details

* Job name: `deploy_s3_terraform`

* Docker image:

[`registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/terraform-images/releases/1.2:v0.40.0`](https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/terraform-images/container_registry/3083041)

* Default stage: `deploy`

* When: `always`

### Variables

!!! warning 

    Some variable are required to let the job work. Many of them are *secrets*, they should be define in the `CI/CD > Variables` section in [GitLab](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/variables/#add-a-cicd-variable-to-a-project) to avoid exposing them in clear in your `.gitlab-ci.yml`. This is **HIGHLY** recommended for sensitive credential variables such as cloud providers tokens and passwords.

| Name | Description | Required | Secrets | Default |

| ---- | ----------- | -------- | ------- | ------- |

| `AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID` <img width=100/> | Access key <img width=175/> | ✅ <img width=100/> | ✅ <img width=100/> | ` ` <img width=100/> |

| `AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY` | Secret key | ✅ | ✅ | ` ` |

| `AWS_DEFAULT_REGION` | Region used | ✅ | ❌ | `eu-west-1` |

| `AWS_BUCKET_NAME` | Name of the S3 bucket | ✅ | ❌ | ` ` |

| `AWS_ENDPOINT` | Custom endpoint if needed | ❌ | ❌ | ` ` |

| `AWS_ACL` | If you want to add an ACL (e.g. `public-read`) | ❌ | ❌ | ` ` |

| `AWS_SYNC_DIR` | Region used | ✅ | ❌ | `build` |

| `AWS_DELETE_OLD_FILE` | Delete previous files in the S3 bucket | ✅ | ❌ | `true` |

| `AWS_BUCKET_POLICY_FILE` | Policy applied to the S3 bucket (`json` format) | ❌ | ❌ | ` ` |

| `AWS_DEPLOY_WEBSITE` | Deploy a static website from `AWS_SYNC_DIR` root directory | ✅ | ❌ | `true` |

| `TF_WEBSITE_HOMEPAGE` | The home page of your website | ✅ | ❌ | `index.html` |

| `TF_WEBSITE_ERRORPAGE` | The error page of your website | ✅ | ❌ | `error.html` |

| `AWS_CLI_VERSION` | The version of the AWS console | ✅ | ❌ | `2.7.7` |

| `TF_ADDRESS` | Address to terraform state backend | ✅ | ❌ | `${CI_API_V4_URL}/projects/${CI_PROJECT_ID}/terraform/state/main` |

| `TF_ROOT` | The root directory for Terraform | ✅ | ❌ | `terraform` |

### Configuring Terraform

To works well with Terraform, variable should be defined in the `CI/CD > Variables` section in [GitLab](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/variables/#add-a-cicd-variable-to-a-project).

### Here is an working example of deploying a website on a S3 bucket hosted by Scaleway

Structure : 

```sh

build/ #Directory where the website is built

terraform/

├─ main.tf

├─ backend.tf

├─ variables.tf

```

`main.tf`

```tf

terraform {

  required_providers {

    scaleway = {

      source = "scaleway/scaleway"

    }

  }

  required_version = ">= 0.13"

}

provider "scaleway" {

  access_key = var.SCW_ACCESS_KEY

  secret_key = var.SCW_SECRET_KEY

  project_id = var.project_id

  region     = var.region

}

resource "scaleway_object_bucket" "bucket_website" {

  name = var.bucket_name

  acl  = var.acl

  versioning {

    enabled = var.enabled_bucket_versioning

  }

  lifecycle {

    prevent_destroy = true

  }

}

```

Concerning the variables, you can find the [scaleway](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/variables/#scaleway-variables) variables in the [GitLab CI/CD > Variables](https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/ci/variables/) section.

![CI/CD variables on GitLab](./screenshots/ci_cd_variables.png)

And here is the file where there are defined `variables.tf` :

```tf

variable "SCW_ACCESS_KEY" {

  type        = string

  description = "Scaleway secret access key"

}

variable "SCW_SECRET_KEY" {

  type        = string

  description = "Scaleway secret id key"

}

variable "project_id" {

  type        = string

  description = "Scaleway Organisation or project id used"

}

variable "bucket_name" {

  type        = string

  description = "Name of the s3 bucket"

}

variable "region" {

  type        = string

  description = "Region where is hosted the bucket"

}

variable "enabled_bucket_versioning" {

  type        = bool

  default     = false

  description = "Should the buket be versionned"

}

variable "acl" {

  type        = string

  description = "Bucket visibility"

}

```

Finally here is the content of the `backend.tf` file :

```tf

terraform {

  # Gitlab managed terraform state

  backend "http" {

  }

}

```

For more information here are some useful links :

- [Setting up static websites on a bucket with the Scaleway API](https://www.scaleway.com/en/docs/storage/object/api-cli/bucket-website-api/)

- [Deploying Your First Infrastructure on Scaleway using Terraform](https://www.scaleway.com/en/docs/tutorials/terraform-quickstart/)

**Documentation 📕**

- [Terraform with Scaleway](https://registry.terraform.io/providers/scaleway/scaleway/latest/docs)

- [Bucket policy](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/example-bucket-policies.html)

stages:

  - deploy

cache:

  key:

    files:

    - "${CI_PROJECT_DIR}/${TF_ROOT}/.terraform.lock.hcl"

  paths:

    - "${CI_PROJECT_DIR}/${TF_ROOT}/.terraform"

deploy_s3_terraform:

  image: registry.gitlab.com/gitlab-org/terraform-images/releases/1.2:v0.40.0

  stage: deploy

  variables: 

    AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ""

    AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ""

    AWS_DEFAULT_REGION: "eu-west-1"

    AWS_BUCKET_NAME: ""

    AWS_ENDPOINT: ""

    AWS_ACL: ""

    AWS_SYNC_DIR: "website_build"

    AWS_DELETE_OLD_FILE: "true"

    AWS_BUCKET_POLICY_FILE: ""

    AWS_DEPLOY_WEBSITE: "true"

    AWS_WEBSITE_HOMEPAGE: "index.html"

    AWS_WEBSITE_ERRORPAGE: "error.html"

    AWS_CLI_VERSION: "2.7.7"

    TF_ADDRESS: "${CI_API_V4_URL}/projects/${CI_PROJECT_ID}/terraform/state/main"

    TF_ROOT: "${CI_PROJECT_DIR}/terraform"

  script:

    - |

      apk --no-cache add \

        curl \

        && GLIBC_VER="2.34-r0" \

      && curl -sL https://alpine-pkgs.sgerrand.com/sgerrand.rsa.pub -o /etc/apk/keys/sgerrand.rsa.pub \

      && curl -sLO https://github.com/sgerrand/alpine-pkg-glibc/releases/download/${GLIBC_VER}/glibc-${GLIBC_VER}.apk \

      && curl -sLO https://github.com/sgerrand/alpine-pkg-glibc/releases/download/${GLIBC_VER}/glibc-bin-${GLIBC_VER}.apk \

      && apk add --no-cache --force-overwrite \

        glibc-${GLIBC_VER}.apk \

        glibc-bin-${GLIBC_VER}.apk \

        unzip \

      && wget -O awscliv2.zip https://awscli.amazonaws.com/awscli-exe-linux-x86_64-${AWS_CLI_VERSION}.zip \

      && unzip -qq awscliv2.zip \

      && aws/install

    # Checking and Applying terraform state

    - export TF_VAR_website_homepage=${AWS_WEBSITE_HOMEPAGE} TF_VAR_website_errorpage=${AWS_WEBSITE_ERRORPAGE}

    - cd ${TF_ROOT}

    - if terraform fmt -check -diff ${TF_ROOT}; then

    -   echo "Terraform files are OK"

    - else

    -   echo "Terraform files are not OK. you should launch \`terraform fmt\` to fix them"

    -   exit 1

    - fi

    - gitlab-terraform init | tee output.log

    - gitlab-terraform validate | tee -a output.log

    - gitlab-terraform plan | tee -a output.log

    - gitlab-terraform plan-json | tee -a output.log

    - mkdir ${TF_ROOT}_def

    - "(cd ${TF_ROOT}; tar cvf - .) | (cd ${TF_ROOT}_def; tar xvf -)"

    - gitlab-terraform apply

    # Set Endpoint URL

    - cd ${CI_PROJECT_DIR}

    - ENDPOINT_URL=""

    - if [ ! -z ${AWS_ENDPOINT} ]; then

    -   ENDPOINT_URL="--endpoint-url ${AWS_ENDPOINT}"

    - fi

    # Deploying website

    - if [ ${AWS_DEPLOY_WEBSITE} == "true" ]; then

    -   aws s3 website s3://${TF_VAR_bucket_name}/ --index-document ${AWS_WEBSITE_HOMEPAGE} \

        --error-document ${AWS_WEBSITE_ERRORPAGE} ${ENDPOINT_URL}

    - fi

    # Configuring policy and substitute variables

    - if [ -n ${AWS_BUCKET_POLICY_FILE} ]; then

    -   apk update && apk add gettext

    -   cat ${AWS_BUCKET_POLICY_FILE} > tmp_bucket_policy.json

    -   envsubst < tmp_bucket_policy.json > bucket-policy.json

    -   aws s3api put-bucket-policy --bucket ${TF_VAR_bucket_name} --policy file://bucket-policy.json ${ENDPOINT_URL}

    - fi

    # Syncing website

    - AWS_OPTIONS="${ENDPOINT_URL}"

    - $([ ! -z ${AWS_ACL} ]) && AWS_OPTIONS="${AWS_OPTIONS} --acl ${AWS_ACL}"

    - $([ ${AWS_DELETE_OLD_FILE} == "true" ]) && AWS_OPTIONS="${AWS_OPTIONS} --delete"

    - aws s3 sync ${AWS_SYNC_DIR} s3://${TF_VAR_bucket_name}/ ${AWS_OPTIONS}

  artifacts:

    when: always

    expose_as: "Terraform artifact"

    paths:

      - "${TF_ROOT}/output.log"

      - "${TF_ROOT}/plan.cache"

      - "${TF_ROOT}_def"

    reports:

      terraform: "${TF_ROOT}/plan.json"

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